Definition:
Repetitive strain injury (RSI) pertains to a range of conditions that result from the overuse of certain tools such as a computer, guitar, or knife, or other activities that require movement repetition. RSI commonly affects the muscles, tendons, and nerves of the hands, arms, and upper back.
RSI is also alternatively known as occupational overuse syndrome, cumulative trauma disorder (CTD), or work related upper limb disorder (WRULD).
Treatment:
Ergonomics, practicing good posture, and managing time in stressful working conditions can help prevent or cure the disorder. Strengthening exercises, stretches, and biofeedback training can also help relax muscle tension. Common medications used are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce swelling, or anti-convulsant medications to reduce neuropathic pain.
In some cases, orthopaedic hand braces may be required. Surgical intervention is not usually necessary, and used only as a last resort in treatment.
Symptoms and Signs:
Repetitive strain injury conditions have varied symptoms. At the onset, the most common signs include recurring pain or soreness in neck, shoulders, upper back, wrists, or hands. A certain numbness, tingling, coldness, or loss of sensation may be experienced. Affected individuals often lose their grip strength and endurance, and suffer from weakness. Arm and shoulder muscles may feel wiry and hard when palpated. Patients may also experience numbness or pain while lying down. These symptoms are usually attributed to unrelated causes and often overlooked.
Causes:
Repetitive strain injury results when muscles of the hands, arms, and upper back are kept tense for extended periods of time due to repetitive motions and/or posture.
Recent studies have found a link between repetitive strain injury conditions and certain psychological and social factors. RSI patients are observed to have been exposed to a great amount of psychological distress. In addition, job demands, poor relations with colleagues, and general work satisfaction have also showed an increase in pain. Some researchers also believe that stress is the main causal factor for repetitive strain injury.
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