Salmonellosis (Salmonella infections) is a type of infection caused by Salmon ella bacteria.

If Salmonellosis is suspected, stool samples of the patient can be cultured in the laboratory to determine an infection. Additionally, routine tests such as blood chemistry, full blood count, and an ultrasound may be done to rule out other illnesses. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, further testing needs to be done to classify the infection according to its type.

Most infected individuals do not require treatment. However, in some cases, patients with Salmonellosis can suffer from severe diarrhea, leading to dangerous dehydration. In such cases, intravenous fluids must be given to treat the dehydration, along with appropriate medications to manage symptoms. Antibiotics must be given to treat the disease specifically. In severe cases where the illness can lead to death, antibiotics must be administered promptly or immediately after diagnosis.

Symptoms of Salmonellosis are generally gastrointestinal, including vomiting, abdominal cramps, nausea, and bloody diarrhea with mucus. Fever, fatigue, headache, and rose spots may also occur. The illness typically lasts for 3-7 days, with symptoms appearing 6-72 hours after ingestion of the bacterium. In most cases, the infection can run its course and affected patients recover without treatment. Complications of Salmonellosis are more common among the very old (the elderly) and the very young (infants), as well as those with weak immune systems. Reiters syndrome (or reactive arthritis) may potentially develop, leading to serious long-term repercussions. In severe cases, the infection can also spread from the intestines to the blood stream, and then to other areas of the body. In such cases, the disease can be fatal if untreated.

Salmonellosis is caused by Salmon ella bacteria, most commonly the Non-Typhoidal Salmonella. The bacterium can be contracted by ingesting undercooked or raw eggs. Ingesting incorrectly prepared poultry or cattle is another risk factor. In addition, infected milk and egg products are potential sources. Contact with known carriers (turtles, snakes, lizards, pet rodents, etc.) can also lead to an infection. Another type of salmonella bacterium is typhoidal salmonella, a rarer form which causes typhoid fever among humans. Humans are the only carriers of this type of salmonella. The bacterium is usually transmitted through direct contact with the fecal matter of an infected individual.

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