Definition:
Synovial osteochondromatosis (SOC) is a rare disease that creates a harmless change or proliferation in the synovium or joint lining tissue which changes to form bone forming cartilage. Typically there is only one joint affected, mostly either the knee, hip, or elbow.
Diagnosis:
Radiographic findings are commonly diagnostic. Computed tomography (CT) scans and CT arthrograms also may be used, paticularly for demonstrating noncalcified intra-articular bodies. MRI typically helps establish the diagnosis, and the images demonstrate the true extent of the disease.
Treatment:
Asymptomatic patients with SOC do not need therapy. Those with symptoms should undergo arthroscopic or surgical removal of intra-articular bodies. Patients who have recurrent intra-articular bodies or in whom the entire synovial lining is metaplastic need total synovectomy.
Symptoms and Signs:
Chronic, progressive pain and swelling of affected joint, worsened by physical activity. Joint effusion and limited range of motion are usual associated features. It primarily affects large joints, including knee (less than 50%), elbow, hip, and shoulder.
Causes:
The cause of primary SOC is not known.
:
synovialosteochondromatosis
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