Definition:
Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes below 300 per cubic millimeter, or less than one-fourth of total lymphocytes, in the absence of HIV infection or other known causes of immunodeficiency. This is a rare, heterogeneous syndrome and does not seem to be caused by a transmissible agent. People with ICL are susceptible to opportunistic infections, such as cryptococcus, atypical mycobacterial and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP).
Diagnosis:
Criteria for diagnosis of idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia include: CD4 cell count less than 300/mm3 or a CD4 percent less than 20 of total lymphocytes on two or more measurements; lack of laboratory evidence of HIV infection; and absence of an alternative explanation for the CD4 lymphocytopenia.
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