Definition:
Toxic shock syndrome is a rare, life-threatening bacterial infection that has been most often linked with the use of superabsorbent tampons and occasionally with the use of contraceptive sponges.
Diagnosis:
Recent studies have postulated that early and definitive diagnosis can be made by observing the expansion of TSS-1 reactive V beta2-positive T-cell receptors in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Treatment:
The severity of this disease requires hospitalization. Treatment consists of aggressive IV fluid administration and antistaphylococcal antibiotics, like cephalosporins, penicillinase-resistant semisynthetic penicillins or vancomycin.
Symptoms and Signs:
TSS resultant of infection with the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus typically manifests in otherwise healthy individuals with high fever, together with low blood pressure, malaise and confusion, which can rapidly progress to stupor, coma, and multi-organ failure. The characteristic rash, often seen early in the course of illness, is similar to a sunburn, and can involve any region of the body, including the lips, mouth, eyes, palms and soles.
Causes:
Researchers don't know exactly how tampons may lead to toxic shock syndrome. Some believe that when superabsorbent tampons are left in place for a long time, the tampons become a breeding ground for the bacteria.
The information on this site is for research purposes only and can not substitute for the advice of a medical professional. Ailments.com is not run by doctors and does not engage in the practice of medicine. Our site is not a medical authority, it is just a research tool for you to use in preparation for consulting with a doctor. We can not guarantee our information is accurate or up to date. Even if a statement made about a medical condition is accurate, it may not apply to you or your symptoms, so you should always consult a doctor. Nothing on our site should be construed as an attempt to offer or render a medical opinion or otherwise engage in the practice of medicine.
