Definition:
Dysthymic disorder or dysthymia is a chronic condition marked by symptoms of depression or lack of interest in activities that were thought to be enjoyable before; however the condition is less severe than a major depression.
Diagnosis:
Extensive psychological interview and evaluation is carried out to establish DSM-IVTR criteria, which is necessary in the diagnosis of dysthymic disorder.
Beck Depression Inventory and Hamilton Depression Scale are psychological tests that can be conducted to aid in the diagnostic process of dysthymic disorder.
Treatment:
Medications like tricyclic antidepressants can be effective in depressed individuals suspected to have dysthymic disorder.
Psychological therapies including interpersonal psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy or family therapy can help the patient develop healthy problem solving skills.
When these methods are combined together remission of symptoms and psychosocial recovery will have greater chances of achievement.
Symptoms and Signs:
Depression occurring most of the day, more days than not usually lasting for two years either continually or on and off is often the main symptom of the condition usually accompanied by any combination of the following symptoms: loss of appetite or overeating; insomnia or hypersomnia; fatigue; low self-confidence, decision-making difficulty; poor concentration, and feeling of hopelessness.
Causes:
Sleep abnormalities, neurotransmitters , hormones, upbringing, heredity and events that cause stress are all considered as possible causes of depression leading to dysthymic disorder.
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