Definition:
An endometrial polyp or uterine polyp is a polyp or lesion in the lining of the uterus or the endometirum, which takes up space within the uterine cavity. Ranging from a few millimeters to several centimeters in size, polyps are attached to the uterine wall by a large base or a thin stalk.
Diagnosis:
A vaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, and dilation and curettage are among the procedures that can detect endometrial polyps. When there is endometrial hyperplasia, detection by ultrasonography can be difficult.
Treatment:
Curettage or hysteroscopy are the most common type of surgery to remove polyps. However, polyps may sometimes be missed with curettage so to reduce the risk; the uterus can first be explored using grasping forceps at the beginning. A hysterectomy on the other hand, may be performed if cancerous cells are discovered.
Symptoms and Signs:
Uterine polyps often cause no symptoms. Nevertheless, signs may include irregular menstrual bleeding, bleeding between menstrual periods, excessively heavy menstrual periods, vaginal bleeding after menopause, and infertility.
Causes:
The exact cause of uterine polyps is unknown although hormonal factors are found to have roles to play. Uterine polyps respond to estrogen in the same way that the lining of the uterus (endometirum) does. Meaning, it grows in response to circulating estrogen.
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