Definition:
Gastroparesis, also known as delayed gastric emptying, is a medical condition consisting of a paresis (partial paralysis) of the stomach ("gastro-"), resulting in food remaining in the stomach for a longer period of time than normal. Normally, the stomach contracts to move food down into the small intestine to digest, while the vagus nerve controls these contractions. Gastroparesis occurs when the vagus nerve is damaged and the muscles of the stomach and intestines do not function normally. Food then moves gradaully or stops moving through the digestive tract.
Diagnosis:
Gastroparesis can be diagnosed with tests like x rays, manometry, and gastric emptying scans.
Treatment:
Treatment includes dietary changes [low-fiber and low-residue diets, as well as (in some cases) restrictions on fat and/or solids], oral medications [Metoclopramide (Reglan, Maxolon, Clopra), Cisapride (Propulsid), Erythromycin (E-Mycin, Erythrocin, Ery-Tab, EES)], adjustments in insulin injections for people with diabetes, a jejunostomy tube, implanted gastric neurostimulators ("stomach pacemakers"), botulinum toxin, or parenteral nutrition.
Symptoms and Signs:
The most common symptoms are nausea, vomiting, and a feeling of fullness after eating just a few bites. This condition also often causes abdominal bloating, heartburn, changes in blood sugar levels, lack of appetite, and weight loss and malnutrition.
Causes:
Chronic gastroparesis is usually due to autonomic neuropathy. This may happen in people with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes. The vagus nerve becomes destroyed by years of high blood glucose, resulting in gastroparesis.
The information on this site is for research purposes only and can not substitute for the advice of a medical professional. Ailments.com is not run by doctors and does not engage in the practice of medicine. Our site is not a medical authority, it is just a research tool for you to use in preparation for consulting with a doctor. We can not guarantee our information is accurate or up to date. Even if a statement made about a medical condition is accurate, it may not apply to you or your symptoms, so you should always consult a doctor. Nothing on our site should be construed as an attempt to offer or render a medical opinion or otherwise engage in the practice of medicine.
