Definition:
Cercarial dermatitis is a skin condition characterized by an itchy rash caused by certain parasites. It is also commonly referred to as “swimmer' itch”.
Diagnosis:
Cercarial dermatitis rashes may resemble those of chickenpox, poison ivy, impetigo, dermatitis, or even herpes. Diagnosis must first eliminate these other possible causes of the itch. Blood and skin tests are usually unable to detect the parasites that cause cercarial dermatitis.
Treatment:
Cercarial dermatitis often resolves on its own after a few days, although some rashes may persist for at least a week. In the meantime, the characteristic itching can be managed with over-the-counter anti-itch creams or antihistamines. If itching is too severe, physicians may recommend prescription medication.
Symptoms and Signs:
Cercarial dermatitis manifests with the appearance of itchy, reddish, and raised areas on the skin. It typically occurs only on exposed skin areas. The characteristic rash may appear within 48 hours after exposure to the parasite. The discomfort is generally short-lived and the rash vanishes within a few days.
Causes:
Cercarial dermatitis is caused by parasites that normally thrive on waterfowl and freshwater snails. These parasites can be released into water through infected eggs and feces. The parasites can burrow into the skin of humans who swim in contaminated water (hence the term “swimmer's itch”). Soon after burrowing, they die and leave an itchy rash. Cercarial dermatitis in humans is never contagious.
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