Definition:
Lupus nephritis is a condition characterized by an inflammation of the kidney arising from an autoimmune disease known as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Diagnosis:
Diagnosis for lupus nephritis typically involves one or a combination of the following tests: urinalysis, blood tests, X-rays, ultrasound of the kidney, as well as a kidney biopsy.
Treatment:
Lupus nephritis is commonly treated by medications that decrease swelling, lower bood pressure, or diminish kidney inflammation by suppressing the immune system. Intakes of sodium, protein, and potassium will need to be restricted. Depending on symptom severity, some patients may need steroid therapy or chemotherapy.
Symptoms and Signs:
Lupus nephritis may be asymptomatic or symptomatic. In asymptomatic cases, affected patients may experience unexplained weight gain, elevated blood pressure, dark foamy urine, as well as swelling around the legs, eyes, ankles, or fingers. Occasionally, patients may also exhibit symptoms that are unrelated to kidney function, including fevers, arthritis, headaches, gastro-intenstinal disturbances, fatigue, and fluids in the joints.
Causes:
Lupus nephritis is an inflammation of the kidneys caused by a disease of the immune system known as systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus nephritis is also linked to a number of heredity and genetic factors as well as certain environmental triggers.
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