Definition:
Neuropathic pain is a term used in reference to a state of complex, chronic pain accompanied by tissue injury.
Diagnosis:
Neuropathic pain can usually be diagnosed based on an interview with the patient, his/her medical history, as well as a physical exam.
Treatment:
Neuropathic pain may be treated with anticonvulsants, antidepressants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or, in severe cases, stronger painkillers such as those containing morphine. If neuropathic pain is triggered by an underlying cause, treatment should be focused on curing or managing the underlying disorder first. Invasive or implantable device therapies may also be used to manage unbearable pain. In some cases, electrical stimulation of the affected nerves may significantly reduce symptoms.
Symptoms and Signs:
Neuropathic pain is itself a symptom. It has been often described as a shooting and burning pain, accompanied by a tingling sensation and numbness.
Causes:
Neuropathic pain is caused by nerve fibers that are dysfunctional, damaged, or injured. These damaged nerve fibers ultimately send wrong signals to pain centers. The result is a change in nerve function both at the location of the injury and the areas surrounding it.
Some factors that can lead to neuropathic pain include: alcoholism; amputation; leg, leg, and hip problems; chemotherapy; diabetes; facial nerve problems; HIV infection or AIDS; multiple sclerosis; shingles; or injury from a recent spine surgery.
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