Definition:
Factor V deficiency is a hereditary disorder in which there is an anomalous blood coagulation, resulting from a deficiency in a plasma protein called Factor V. Factor V functions as an enzyme cofactor; the deficiency will lead to a tendency for hemorrhage, while some mutations influence thrombosis.
Diagnosis:
Factor V deficiency can be diagnosed through physical examination and tests. Tests and exams that are done may include Factor V assay, analysis of bleeding time, prothrombin time, thromboplastin time, and thrombin time.
Treatment:
The deficiency can temporarily be corrected through the administration of fresh plasma infusions, given every day during bleeding episodes or following surgery.
Symptoms and Signs:
Symptoms of the disease include nosebleeds, gum bleeding, excessive bruising, skin bleeding, excessive or prolonged blood loss with trauma or injury, extreme menstrual bleeding, and umbilical stump bleeding.
Causes:
Factor V deficiency is very uncommon, and may be caused through inheritance of a defective gene, particularly Factor V gene. It can also be caused through acquiring antibody that hinders the normal function of Factor V. A Factor V inhibitor can also be obtained after delivery, after surgery, or with certain cancers and autoimmune diseases, or in patients that are being treated with a particular kind of fibrin glue, coming from an unknown source.
