Definition:
Fanconi syndrome is also known as Fanconi's syndrome is a disorder where in function of the proximal tubular of the kidney is damaged that results to reduced re-absorption of electrolytes and nutrients back into the bloodstream. Amino acids, glucose, phosphate, uric acid and bicarbonate are the compounds involved. This disorder should not be confused with Fanconi anemia which is another disease.
Treatment:
The replacement of substances in the urine primarily fluid and bicarbonate is the main treatment for Fanconi syndrome in children.
Symptoms and Signs:
The list below is the common symptoms for Fanconi syndrome, some of the symptoms may only be evident to the doctor and not to the patient:
Vitamin D deficiency
Urine contains glucose
Urine contains Amino acids
Urine contains Citrate
Urine contains Phosphate
Hypokalemia
Causes:
Several causes of Fanconi syndrome may be hereditary or congenital also it can be acquired. The most usual cause is Cystinosis it usually seen in children though this disease can be possibly obtained later in life. Several accepted causes of Fanconi syndrome are as follows:
Wilson's disease - inherited condition of copper metabolism
Lowe Syndrome
Tyrosinemia(Type I)
Galactosemia
Glycogen storage diseases
Fructose intolerance
Expired tetracyclines ingestion
Tenofovir side effect
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